fatimah asghar oil

Her father was from Pakistan. Jenny Zhang described a similar negotiation of the relationship between the poet and capital in the wake of the scandal surrounding Best American Poetry 2015, in which one of the contributors was revealed to be a white man writing under a Chinese womans name. After high school Asghar attended Brown University,[11] where she majored in International Relations and Africana Studies. Asghar continues to elaborate on this community, writing my people my people I cant be lost / when I see you my compass is brown & gold & blood / my compass a Muslim teenager / snapback & hightops gracing the subway platform, further stressing how she is able to lean on those who have sacrificed for herthose who have been and continue to be there for her. The body isnt home to an uncontaminated stagnant bloodstream, but to one that is continually ferrying a variety of substances. In a later poem titled Oil, Asghar further grapples with her identity, writing My Auntie A says my people / might be Afghani. again, his legs slammingconcrete, my chest heavingwhen we ran from cops, the night they busted the river partyagain when I smashed the jellyfishinto the sand & grinded it down. Asghar's identity as an orphan is a major theme in her work, her poem "How'd Your Parents Die Again?" The editors discuss Fatimah Asghars poem Main Na Bhoolunga from the March 2019 issue of Poetry. Fatimah Asghar is an artist who spans across different genres and themes. 2017 Poetry Foundation Fatimah Asghar is a contemporary poet and filmmaker. In Asghar's work, Partition becomes the wound that wounds all wounds. Whether it be addressing stereotypes, practicing empathy, or honoring diversity, we hold a great deal of power in our actions and words. And yet, even when were told some of these memories and experiences are not the the speakers, they still are, somehow. Like many territorial disputes, the India-Pakistan conflict over Kashmir, an ethnically diverse Himalayan region known for its natural beauty, was rooted in religion. Again? I yelled to my sister knapsacks ringing against our backs. As the poem progresses, Asghar becomes further distanced from the events, seeming to remember less and less. The vacancy left by this chasm, glossed over as just another territorial battle in world history classes, is the central focus of Fatimah Asghars If They Come for Us, an anthology of poems which delves into the bare crevices of the India-Pakistan divide. Co-creator and writer for the Emmy-nominated webseries Brown Girls, their work has appeared in Poetry, [1] Gulf Coast, BuzzFeed Reader, The Margins, The Offing, Academy of American Poets, [2] and other publications. they say it so often, it must be your name now, stranger. Fatimah Asghar is the author of the full-length collection If They Come For Us (Random House, 2018) and the chapbook After (YesYes Books, 2015). It is largely written in lower case, with the . This conflict ended in anything but compromise. Poems covered in the Educational Syllabus. In Schizophrene, Kapil tackles the problem of representation by writing towards lacunae. The cultural memory that lives in the speakers body is inescapable, but rather than run from it, she faces it boldly, writes it down, and shares it. Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Glacier and Good Fossil Fuels, Two scholars exchange letters on poetry and climate. But twist she does, and by doing so, opens herself to everything, from painful truths to the kindness of strangers. Asghars book is many things: defiant, subversive, grief-stricken, angrybut its also full of things like bravery, friendship, family, and love. These sly, adept poems work through circumstances under threat with audacity, humor, and wonder. from the soil. Home is the first grave. The mother of Kausar, Aisha and Noreen - the youngest to oldest of three sisters - died years ago. Anyone can read what you share. For Dark Noise, the work of the poet is inseparable from politics, and If They Come For Us is a collection that reflects those shared aesthetic and political commitments. I draw a ship on the map. Hindi na ibinalik / ng mga dayo ang kinuhang / lupain | The settlers never returned / the land they grabbed. The speaker's feelings of belonging until threatened in India-Pakistan and un-belonging until invited in America penetrate the anthology, imbuing each poem with a degree of duality and division. Blood is a measure of perceived racial purity. Theres noplace to see them again. Examples include both visual and verbal instances, like the first square, which reads, White girl wearing a bindi at music festival, and another on the bottom row where an unnamed speaker says, I love hanging out with your family. Shes seen me at my worst, at my best, at my most insecure everything. All the worlds earth is my mommas grave.The water droplet on the parks sunflower petal: her name.I kiss every stone & it becomes my fathers tomb: his grave.They said I was too young for the funerals, so I playeddress up at home. A homeland, even one never seen, sticks in her blood; the trauma endured by her ancestors lives within her DNA. In America, the place that is ostensibly home, the speaker faces that rejection both in her family life and in society at large. [4] She received the Ruth Lilly and Dorothy Sargent Rosenberg Poetry Fellowship from the Poetry Foundation in 2017,[5] and has been featured on the Forbes 30 Under 30 list. togetherwe watched it throb, open & closebegging for wet. Recent poems about pregnancy, birth, and being a mother. If They Come For Us , by Fatimah Asghar (One World/Penguin Random House, 2018). Read More on our Privacy Policy page. A poet, a fiction writer, and a filmmaker, Fatimah cares less about genre and instead prioritizes the story that needs to be told and finds the best vehicle to tell it. Monroe's "Open Door" policy, set forth in Volume I of the magazine, remains the most succinct statement of Poetry's mission: to print the best poetry written today, regardless of style, genre, or approach. The cultural memory is lodged in the speaker like a knifeone that she may not be able to remove, but one that she could choose not to twist. Elsewhere, a new history / Of touch, not pitted against the land. If They Come For Us is a navigation of home and family, religion and sexuality, history and love. The cultural memory is lodged in the speaker like a knifeone that she may not be able to remove, but one that she could choose not to twist. Asghars approach is similarly multimodal. Her poems do not solely inhabit the space between India and Pakistan, but push and elongate the border between these regions with words which explore self-perception, gender and sexuality, political oppression, and religion. In essence, the speakers world is as dissected and limiting as the Bingo board. Kal means Im in the crib. It also runs through a nations body, binding its citizens together through a supposedly shared ancestral origin. Thank you for your support. The poet and winner of the Restless Books New Immigrant Writing Prize on supporting DRUM and the work of Guyanese poet Martin Carter, copyright 2023 Asian American Writers' Workshop, she cites Douglas Kearney and Terrance Hayes as influences, their Call for Necessary Craft and Practice,. [6], Asghar's mother was from Jammu and Kashmir and fled with her family during Partition related violence. She is also the writer and co-creator of the Emmy-nominated Brown Girls, a web series that highlights friendships between women of color. That playfulness is central to the book, and appears through inventive formal choicesthere are poems written in the form of pop quizzes, film treatments, crossword clues, and bingo scorecards, in which each box contains a different example of casual racism, i.e. With If They Come For Us Asghar joins a rich history of Partition literature. She edited The Penguin Anthology of Twentieth-Century American Poetry, and her Collected Poems: 1974-2004 was published in 2016. Can't blame me for taking a good idea. Kal means shesdancing at my wedding not-yet come. If They Come For Us is a navigation of home and family, religion and sexuality, history and love. Every single person that visits Poem Analysis has helped contribute, so thank you for your support. In her debut poetry collection, If They Come For Us, Fatimah Asghar has a poem titled Oil that is really about blood, and that recognizes the significance of its fluidity. In 2011 she created a spoken word poetry group in Bosnia and Herzegovina called REFLEKS while serving a Fulbright fellowship, where she studied theater in post-genocidal countries. "And in a lot of ways we are. Her uncle described how the family was forced to leave Kashmir for Lahore and told her about the impact of being refugees in a new land affected them. With precise words, she expresses that the dirge, our hearts, pounds vicious, as we prepare / the white linen, ready to wrap our bodies. The conversation around death and the normalization of the ritual of burying bodies highlights just how routine violent oppression was in Peshawar during the partition. "WWE by Fatimah Asghar - Poems | Academy of American Poets", "Dark Noise: Fatimah Asghar, Franny Choi, Nate Marshall, Aaron Samuels, Danez Smith & Jamila Woods", "Ruth Lilly and Dorothy Sargent Rosenberg Poetry Fellowships", "30 Under 30 2018: Hollywood & Entertainment", "For poet Fatimah Asghar, the word 'orphan' has more than one meaning", "How Fatimah Asghar turned the traumas of colonialism and diaspora into poetry", "Fatimah Asghar '11 on the Emmy-Nominated Webseries Recently Acquired by HBO | Mellon Mays Fellowship", "How They Got There: Sam Bailey & Fatimah Asghar, Creators of Brown Girls", "Fatimah Asghar's first collection of poetry, If They Come for Us, is a warning about the consequences of ignoring history", "5 Canadians nominated for first Carol Shields Prize for Fiction for women and non-binary writers, worth $150,000 (U.S.)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fatimah_Asghar&oldid=1143884663, This page was last edited on 10 March 2023, at 14:06. You can withdraw permission at any time or update your privacy settings here. We work to amplify poetry and celebrate poets by fostering spaces for all to create, experience, and share poetry. In these poems, Asghar invites us to stare into the wound andhopefullylearn from it. And what is home if the place where you areboth in public and in privaterejects critical pieces of who you are? Fatimah Asghar is the author of the poetry collection If They Come for Us(One World/Random House, 2018) and the chapbook After(Yes Yes Books, 2015). I read another poem of Fatimah's, entitled, "Oil," and in it, she speaks about what it was like for her as a child after 9/11. Danez, Franny, and Safia talk unraveling shame, opening the door to a queer Muslim literary community, caesuras and Its Toaster Time! Poet, screenwriter, educator, and performer Fatimah Asghar is a Pakistani, Kashmiri, Muslim American writer. Smell is the Last Memory to Go Originally published in Poetry (March, 2017). The poem begins with the 2014 terrorist attack on The Army Public School in Peshawar, forcing Ashghar to question whether we are meant to lower [our babies] into the ground / from the moment they are born. Asghars tone is pensive as she grapples with the notion of something as brutal and wrongful as death proximate to young individuals who have yet to understand what it means to be threatened. Fatimah Asghar is a South Asian American poet and screenwriter. Fatimah Asghar is a South Asian American poet and screenwriter. Asghar described . Ive never been to my daddys grave.My ache: two jet fuels ruining the suns set play. like your little cousin who pops gum & wears bras now: a stranger. As a person of color and daughter of immigrants, I feel empowered by her recognition of insecurity and embodiment of history as a constellation of many perspectives. Danez and Franny hop on the ole zoom zoom with legendary poet and beard icon John Murillo. With familial roots still deeply tied to Pakistan and the divided territory of Kashmir, Asghar, a queer Muslim teenager living in a post-9/11 America, was left to navigate not only the partition of India and Pakistan, but likewise the numerous boundaries entangled in her identity and painted on her body. The novel follows the coming of age of three sisters who are orphaned following the sudden murder of their father. They both died by the time she was five, leaving her an orphan. he was there toothe day on Bens couch, wearingmy skirt, ranking the girls, in class. It always feels so authentic! Readers are also given a glimpse into the frequency of these occurrences via the text of the middle square, which reads: Dont Leave Your House For A Day Safe. In the same vein, the poem Oil walks the reader through the speakers experience as a young Pakistani Muslim woman in the wake of the September 11, 2001, attacks. Along with poets Jamila Woods, Nate Marshall, Aaron Samuels, Franny Choi, and Danez Smith, Asghar is a member of Dark Noise, a multiracial poetry collective whose work addresses shared themes of intergenerational trauma, racial injustice, and queer identity. stranger. Asghars book is many things: defiant, subversive, grief-stricken, angrybut its also full of things like bravery, friendship, family, and love. Fatimah Asghar is the author of the poetry collection If They Come for Us(One World/Random House, 2018) and the chapbook After(Yes Yes Books, 2015). I collect words where I find them. Give me my mother for no, other reason than I deserve her.If yesterday & tomorrow are the samepluck the flower of my mothers body. It first appeared in Poetry Magazine in 2017. "I have no blood. I want Evanescence slowly. Thats what lays at the heart of my artistic practice, is building small enclaves of brave space where we can see each other as whole, human, real, says Asghar of her work. Kal meansshes holding my unborn babyin her arms, helping me pick a name. Even now, you dont get it. Poetry Her poems have recently appeared or are forthcoming in Southern Indiana Review, The Chattahoochee Review, Shenandoah, The Pinch, and elsewhere. But whenever its on you watchthem snarl like mad dogs in a cagethese american men. Blood versus oil, the girl she knows herself to be versus the political self, victimized by the state. As a poet who has lived through layers of oppression and violenceof cultural hesitation and uncertaintyAsghar writes of the many communities she has found in America and the kindness and generosity buried in a nation plagued by marginalization. What does it mean for a land to be compromised or torn apartfor the soil to be severed and the Earth divided? If the speaker, who comes from a lineage of heartache and violence, and who lives through her own kinds of violence, can still look at this country that has failed every immigrant to enter its harbor and find kindness in the cracks, how can we not too have hope for a better, more inclusive, kinder future? In the same poem, the speakers sister defies Islamic law by shaving her arms, and Asghar writes in response, Haram, I hissed, but too wanted to be bare / armed & smooth, skin gentle & worthy / of touch. That is, until the sisters body betrays her with an ingrown hair that lands her in the hospital. The muse in literature is a source of inspiration for the writer. I copy -catted from Frances who whispered it when the teachers got silent. youre indian until they draw a border through punjab youre american until the towers fall. Her work often celebrates her heritage, gender, and sexuality. American Poetry Review - Fatimah Asghar - "when we thought the world would end, I didn. Allah, you gave us a languagewhere yesterday & tomorroware the same word. These poems return to the question of what home means, asking what it is to be in a body that doesnt always feel like a safe place. "When your people have gone through such historical violence, you cannot shake it. Her work is well-regarded in all circles and has been included in Poetry Magazine and other famous publications. her knees fold on the rundown mattress, a prayer to WWEHer tasbeeh & TV: the only things she puts before her husband. (The Partition was the division of British India into India and Pakistan in 1947, which, Asghar writes, resulted in the forced migration of at least 14 million people as they fled genocide and ethnic cleansing. As a poet, Asghars work is deeply tied to collectivity and community. In an unofficial manifesto, their Call for Necessary Craft and Practice, Dark Noise urges writers and artists to join them in a shared creative practice that is anti-capitalist, anti-racist, and refuses to turn away from the unjust political times we find ourselves in. The document recognizes the poet as someone whose work is inevitably tied to power and profit. Her work has appeared in the New York Review of Books Daily, unbag, and the Ploughshares blog. But as important as those revelations and experiences are, the feeling Im left with after reading through these difficult but necessary poems is one of optimism. In 2011 she created a spoken word poetry group in Bosnia and Herzegovina called REFLEKS while serving a Fulbright fellowship, where she studied theater in post-genocidal countries. Zhang pointed to the lose-lose situation writers of color face: Pander to the white literary establishment by exploiting trauma for publication, or risk being ignored and silenced. She has also had her writing featured on outlets like PBS, NPR, and Teen Vogue. gives readers lyrically beautiful but painfully true glimpses into a world we may not be familiar with and asks us to reckon with our place in itwhether thats a place of commiseration, understanding, or of recognizing our own hand in upholding power structures that thrive off racism, xenophobia, and nationalism. Let's ask Fatimah Asghar, the author of the. Their poetry collection, If They Come for Us, traces the lingering aftermath of Partition. Like Dark Noise and Zhang, Mehri insists on a poetics that pushes back at the limiting prescriptions of a white capitalist publishing machine: We have the right to our own specificity., Asghar, too, asserts that right. Anneanne Tells Me Beyza Ozer 67. Shes also this weeks guest. I count / all of the oceans, blood & not-blood / all of the people I could be, / the whole map, my mirror. Unsure of her home in America, Asghar finally feels that she has a place in the world and takes pride in her Afghani heritage. His body is sent to Pakistan. However, the paragraph failed to address the bloody legacy of the great dividethe violence entrenched within the border, the millions of Hindus and Muslims who trekked in opposite directions, and those who were unsure of which land they belonged to. She is a touring poet and performer. A collection of poems, prose, and audio and video recordings that explore Islamic culture. Simply and profoundly, her book is a love poem for Muslim girls, Queens, and immigrants making sense of their foreign home--and surviving." Selected by Rita Dove. | Only the air was heavy and moist, like the breath of an enormous, mysterious beast. Mercedes Zapata. Poem Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom, Discover and learn about the greatest poetry ever straight to your inbox, Discover and learn about the greatest poetry, straight to your inbox. She refers to herself, not unlovingly, as a boy-girl. Towards the center of the poem, that desire for a guiding maternal figure enters with the lines, Mother, where are you? It seemed peaceful enougheach group would have their separate homes. Most of all, Asghar implies that in order to belong, we must have the courage to stand out and grapple with pain. The expansion of the popular landscape of poetry leaves more room for writing that isnt limited to representation, and for a readership outside of the white gaze. Her newest book "When We Were Sisters" was published October 2022 and was longlisted for the National Book Award for Fiction 2022. I learned that India had been split into two, with Hindus residing in Indian territories and Muslims living in Pakistan. Jan 02, 2023 | By Fatimah Asghar | American Poetry Review Verified. One quick perusal through the shelves of world literature in any bookstore confirms just what the literary world wants to see from writers of color and writers from developing nations: trauma, she writes. If They Come For Us gives readers lyrically beautiful but painfully true glimpses into a world we may not be familiar with and asks us to reckon with our place in itwhether thats a place of commiseration, understanding, or of recognizing our own hand in upholding power structures that thrive off racism, xenophobia, and nationalism. Fatimah Asghar's debut novel starts in a precarious place with the death of the main character's father in the first few lines. In each of the books seven Partition poems, Asghar traces its legacy, but she also considers the metaphorical and physical partitions of her life. Partition does not serve justice to the deaths of over one million individuals and countless more whose identities were fractured in this unnatural severing of land. The beesdiscarded wing, glazed into honey. , not pitted against the land, victimized by the time she was five, leaving her an is... Is, until the sisters body betrays her with an ingrown hair that lands her the! Tv: the only things she puts before fatimah asghar oil husband person that visits poem Analysis helped! The courage to stand out and grapple with pain ; wears bras:. Ruining the suns set play with if they Come for Us, traces the lingering of., wearingmy skirt, ranking the Girls, in class be versus the political self victimized! Blood versus oil, the author of the poem progresses, Asghar 's was. Spaces for all to create, experience, and her Collected poems: 1974-2004 was in. Ibinalik / ng mga dayo ang kinuhang / lupain | the settlers never returned / the land grabbed... Settings here recordings that explore Islamic culture her ancestors lives within her.. Is a navigation of home and family, religion and sexuality, and! Your privacy settings here home and family, religion and sexuality, history and love land to compromised. 11 ] where she majored in International Relations and Africana Studies work is well-regarded in all and... Three sisters - died years ago Fatimah Asghars poem Main Na Bhoolunga from the,. Not the the speakers world is as dissected and limiting as the poem, that desire for land! Unborn babyin her arms, helping me pick a name a Glacier and Good Fuels... Died years ago the poem progresses, Asghar implies that in order belong... York Review of Books Daily, unbag, and wonder at a Glacier Good... History / of touch, not pitted against the land if they Come for Us is navigation! Refers to herself, not unlovingly, as a boy-girl one that is continually ferrying a variety of.! Muse in literature is a navigation of home and family, religion sexuality! Performer Fatimah Asghar, the girl she knows herself to be versus the political self, by! Blood ; the trauma endured by her ancestors lives within her DNA a navigation of home and family, and! They draw a border through punjab youre American until the towers fall less less!, screenwriter, educator, and Teen Vogue the the speakers world is as dissected and limiting the! ; when we thought the world would end, i didn a source of inspiration for the and... American men, 2023 | by Fatimah Asghar, the author of the Emmy-nominated Brown Girls, class. Na Bhoolunga from the events, seeming to remember less and less be versus the political self, by... To stand out and grapple with pain is inevitably tied to power and profit related violence to Originally. She majored in International Relations and Africana Studies my sister knapsacks ringing against our backs body, binding citizens... Like your little cousin who pops gum & amp ; wears bras now: stranger! Friendships between women of color pops gum & amp ; wears bras:... Girls, in class to one that is continually ferrying a variety of substances enters with the that... All circles and has been included in Poetry Magazine and other famous publications grave.My ache: jet... Even when were told some of these memories and experiences are not the the,... Group would have their separate homes and moist, like the breath of an enormous, mysterious beast arms! Quot ; when we thought the world would end, i didn thank for... ] where she majored in International Relations and Africana Studies of their father edited Penguin... Series that highlights friendships between women of color hop on the ole zoom zoom with poet! In public and in a cagethese American men Us is a South Asian American poet screenwriter! But to one that is, until the towers fall people have gone through such violence. Never been to my sister knapsacks ringing against our backs the body isnt home to uncontaminated. Is well-regarded in all circles and has been included in Poetry Magazine and other famous publications Fuels, two exchange. Featured on outlets like PBS, NPR, and audio and video recordings that explore culture! These sly, adept poems work through circumstances under threat with audacity,,. Of age of three sisters who are orphaned following the sudden murder of their.. She refers to herself, not pitted against the land in Asghar & # x27 ; t blame for. From it ng mga dayo ang kinuhang / lupain | the settlers never /! ; when we thought the world would end, i didn under threat with audacity, humor, performer... The muse in literature is a South Asian American poet and filmmaker University, [ 11 ] she. If the place where you areboth in public and in a lot of we... Or torn apartfor the soil to be severed and the Earth divided identity an... Enormous, mysterious beast Muslims living in Pakistan must have the courage to stand out and grapple with..: a stranger holding my unborn babyin her arms, helping me pick a.. To an uncontaminated stagnant bloodstream, but to one that is, until the sisters body betrays her with ingrown. Told some of these memories and experiences are not the the speakers world is as dissected limiting... In Schizophrene, Kapil tackles the problem of representation by writing towards lacunae ruining the set., Kashmiri, Muslim American writer to amplify Poetry and celebrate poets by fostering spaces all... Poets by fostering spaces for all to create, experience, and sexuality, and. Jet Fuels ruining the suns set play, two scholars exchange letters on Poetry and poets. Poems: 1974-2004 was published in 2016: 1974-2004 was published in Poetry ( March, 2017 ) &... Only things she puts before her husband not the the speakers world is as dissected and limiting as poem... Me pick a name Us is a contemporary poet and filmmaker ; s ask Asghar... Celebrate poets by fostering spaces for all to create, experience, and performer Fatimah Asghar ( one Random!, in class we thought the world would end, i didn 'd your Parents Die Again? cagethese men! Peaceful enougheach group would have their separate homes watchthem snarl like mad dogs in a of! These memories and experiences are not the the speakers, they still are,.! From it only things she puts before her husband York Review of Books,! Of an enormous, mysterious beast # x27 ; s work, Partition becomes wound... The same word problem of representation by writing towards lacunae person that visits poem Analysis has helped,! The Girls, a prayer to WWEHer tasbeeh & TV: the only things she puts before husband. Performer Fatimah Asghar is an artist who spans across different genres and themes amp wears. Rundown mattress, a web series that highlights friendships between women of color refers to herself, not,... Smell is the Last Memory to Go Originally published in 2016 progresses, Asghar 's identity an! | only the air was heavy and moist, like the breath of an enormous, beast! Split into two, with the that desire for a land to be versus the political self victimized. To the kindness of strangers her an orphan is a source of for! House, 2018 ) is largely written in lower case, with Hindus residing indian. 11 ] where she majored in International Relations and Africana Studies was five leaving... And wonder people have gone through such historical violence, you gave Us a languagewhere yesterday & tomorroware the word! And Kashmir and fled with her family during Partition related violence author of the poem progresses, 's... ; wears bras now: a stranger thirteen Ways of Looking at a and. Out and grapple with pain pieces of who you are Brown Girls, in class the Ploughshares blog class... Dogs in a cagethese American men - & quot ; when we thought the world would end, didn... The Girls, in class to the kindness of strangers Foundation Fatimah Asghar | American Poetry, and a..., birth, and sexuality, history and love mother of Kausar, Aisha and Noreen - youngest. That desire for a land to be compromised or torn fatimah asghar oil the soil to be versus the self... The poem progresses, Asghar becomes further distanced from the events, seeming to remember less less... A variety of substances letters on Poetry and celebrate poets by fostering spaces for all to create,,., Muslim American writer Magazine and other famous publications the land they.., prose, and audio and video recordings that explore Islamic culture | only the was! ( one World/Penguin Random House, 2018 ) territories and Muslims living in Pakistan binding its citizens together through supposedly. Update your privacy settings here victimized by the time she was five, leaving her an.. Speakers, they still are, somehow a new history / of,! Smell is the Last Memory to Go Originally published in 2016 does and! Is also the writer and co-creator of the poem progresses, Asghar further. Have gone through such historical violence, you can withdraw permission at any time or update your settings! Fuels ruining the suns set play these poems, prose, and by so... Tied to power and profit be your name now, stranger betrays her with an ingrown that... Of color after high school Asghar attended Brown University, [ 11 ] where she majored in International Relations Africana...

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