National Cancer Institute PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. Payer, B. About 50 percent to 70 percent of the silymarin molecules present within milk thistle are the type called silybin, also known as silibinin. Early research shows that taking milk thistle extract along with fertility hormones might provide some benefits for people undergoing. View abstract. 1999;10(3):181-185. Early research shows that applying a specific product containing milk thistle extract reduces the effect of radiation on the skin in people being treated for breast cancer. Phytomedicine. Risks. Kawaguchi-Suzuki M, Frye RF, Zhu HJ, et al. Anon. Rev Diabet Stud. Zima, T., Kamenikova, L., Janebova, M., Buchar, E., Crkovska, J., and Tesar, V. The effect of silibinin on experimental cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Schrieber, S. J., Hawke, R. L., Wen, Z., Smith, P. C., Reddy, K. R., Wahed, A. S., Belle, S. H., Afdhal, N. H., Navarro, V. J., Meyers, C. M., Doo, E., and Fried, M. W. Differences in the disposition of silymarin between patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis C. Drug Metab Dispos. Milk thistle ( Silybum marianum) is a medicinal plant that belongs to a large family of flowering plants (Asteraceae). WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Zhu W, Zhang JS, Young CY. Dupuis ML, Conti F, Maselli A, et al. View abstract. Grant JE and Odlaug BL. Hasani-Ranjbar, S., Nayebi, N., Moradi, L., Mehri, A., Larijani, B., and Abdollahi, M. The efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia; a systematic review. View abstract. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of therapeutic effects of silymarin in β-thalassemia major patients receiving desferrioxamine. Schrieber, S. J., Wen, Z., Vourvahis, M., Smith, P. C., Fried, M. W., Kashuba, A. D., and Hawke, R. L. The pharmacokinetics of silymarin is altered in patients with hepatitis C virus and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease and correlates with plasma caspase-3/7 activity. Neurotoxicology 2020;78:64-70. Some people have nausea, diarrhea, itching, and bloating. Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, et al. View abstract. 7-14-1978;73(28-29):1060-1065. Inflamm.Allergy Drug Targets. Drug Metab Dispos 2008;36(9):1909-1916. A double-blind controlled study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2019;39(2):129-34. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000001005. You can find milk thistle as loose-leaf tea or in tea bags. Dosage recommendations can range, but most advise taking anywhere between 20300 milligrams daily. 2021 Oct 7;21(1):253. Chin J Integr Med. Milk Thistle. View abstract. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Research on the effects of milk thistle in people with hepatitis B is not consistent. Hum.Exp.Toxicol. Iran J Immunol 2022;19(4):427-435. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. However, the evidence is conflicting. Effects and tolerance of silymarin (milk thistle) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) may offer health benefits for a number of conditions, including liver health, diabetes management, cancer treatment and more. Freedman ND, Curto TM, Morishima C, et al. As an herb thats considered a hepatic, galactogogue, demulcent and cholagogue, milk thistle is considered one of the most common natural supplements for liver disorders in the U.S., thanks to its many health benefits. Milk thistle comes in many forms, including tea. Taking milk thistle along with some medications that are broken down by the liver might increase or decrease the effects of these medications. Biochem.Biophys.Res Commun. There's limited evidence, though, for the role of milk thistle in bone health. Evaluation of nephroprotection of silymarin on contrast-induced nephropathy in liver cirrhosis patients: A population-based cohort study. Milk thistle might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. View abstract. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. J Immunol 1999;163:6800-9. If you have hormone-sensitive conditions such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis or ovarian cancer, you should consult with your doctor before starting supplementation. Am J Gastroenterol. Schriewer, H. and Rauen, H. M. [The effect of silybin dihemisuccinate on cholesterol biosynthesis in rat liver homogenates (author's transl)]. This makes it very hard to establish a standard dose. This supplement may reduce forms of free radical oxidative damage on liver cells. Leber Magen Darm 1977;7(5):318-323. Many supplements are standardized to contain a specific concentration of silymarin (usually between 70 and 80 percent). Ibrahim SMA, Farag AS, Ali MS, El-Gendy WMAF. According to researchers, these findings suggest that silymarin may improve diabetes symptoms like oxidative stress and inflammation. View abstract. Therefore, it is not known whether milk thistle or silymarin should be used to treat cirrhosis. Early research shows that giving silibinin, a chemical found in milk thistle may lessen liver damage caused by Amanita phalloides mushroom (death cap mushroom) poisoning. But the evidence is limited, and some research methodologies are flawed, so it's difficult to confirm these effects.. An analysis of silybin meglumine tablets in the treatment of drug-induced liver injury as assessed for causality with the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method using a nationwide database. Hum Toxicol 1983;2:183-95. Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women's Health. If your dog is consistently taking medication to manage another condition, then, . Seeff LB, Curto TM, Szabo G, et al. with fluoxetine in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. BMC Complement Med Ther. View abstract. View abstract. Several studies have suggested that milk thistle may be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes. The liver helps remove toxicity and harmful substances from our blood, aids in hormone production, detoxifies the body, releases sugar into the bloodstream in order to give our body steady energy and secretes bile into our small intestine so fat can be absorbed from foods. Brittany Lubeck, RD, is a nutrition writer and registered dietitian with a master's degree in clinical nutrition. Curr.Pharm.Des 2010;16(26):2935-2947. Treatment of hepatitis C-virus-reinfection after liver transplant with silibinin in nonresponders to pegylated interferon-based therapy. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Darvishi-Khezri H, Naderisorki M, Zahedi M, et al. View abstract. It's sometimes called. Silibinin and STAT3: A natural way of targeting transcription factors for cancer therapy. Pade, D. and Stavchansky, S. Selection of bioavailability markers for herbal extracts based on in silico descriptors and their correlation to in vitro permeability. Influence of Silybum marianum on morphine addicted rats, biochemical parameters and molecular simulation studies on -opioid receptor. People sometimes eat the stem and leaves of milk thistle in salads. Something important to keep in mind, however, is that existing studies on possible heart benefits of milk thistle have only been done involving people with diabetes, who tend to have high cholesterol levels. View abstract. Each small plant head contains about 190 seeds that can be used in various ways. J.Chromatogr.B Analyt.Technol.Biomed.Life Sci. In addition to some kinds of cheeses . View abstract. Can Milk Thistle Help People With Diabetes? View abstract. View abstract. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. View abstract. Era of Hope Mtg, Dept Defense; Breast Cancer Res Prog, Atlanta, GA 2000;Jun 8-11. Silymarin has been observed to induce apoptosis (cell death) in some cancer cells, as well as increase immune response and reduce metastasis (spread of tumor cells). 2016;2016:5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. This means that a 1000 mg Milk Thistle extract pill would provide a 700 800 mg dosage of silymarin. Fried, M.; Navarro, V.; Afdhal, N. et al. Hasani-Ranjbar, S., Larijani, B., and Abdollahi, M. A systematic review of the potential herbal sources of future drugs effective in oxidant-related diseases. Milk thistle seed might protect liver cells from toxic chemicals and drugs. hepatoprotective (liver protecting) qualities. Atarodi H, Pazouki A, Gholizadeh B, et al. Additionally, milk thistle has been observed to affect blood sugar levels. Effect of addition of silymarin to renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients with overt nephropathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Bhatia, N. and Agarwal, R. Detrimental effect of cancer preventive phytochemicals silymarin, genistein and epigallocatechin 3-gallate on epigenetic events in human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells. Liver health can impact your wellness and fitness goals. J Natl.Cancer Inst. The following doses have been studied in scientific research: Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Bird Flu Deaths Prompt U.S. to Test Vaccine in Poultry, COVID Treatment in Development Appears Promising, Marriage May Help Keep Your Blood Sugar in Check, Getting Outdoors Might Help You Take Fewer Meds, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, Getting Help for a Loved One With Psychosis: It's Complicated, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, Diabetes. View abstract. Di Pierro F, Bellone I, Rapacioli G, Putignano P. Clinical role of a fixed combination of standardized Berberis aristata and Silybum marianum extracts in diabetic and hypercholesterolemic patients intolerant to statins. 2016;5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. Tth B, Nmeth D, Sos A, et al. 2021 Aug 7. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15822. 2021;83:111092. Psoriasis (Auckl). Research on milk thistle use for specific conditions shows: Milk thistle might play a role in treating certain liver conditions. 1982;17:51721. J Herb Pharmacother 2002;2:11-7. Milk Thistle Constituents Inhibit Raloxifene Intestinal Glucuronidation: A Potential Clinically Relevant Natural Product-Drug Interaction. Ebrahimpour-Koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-Jafarabadi M. Lower glycemic indices and lipid profile among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who received novel dose of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. It may have protective effects on the liver, preventing damage. Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020. Hawke, R. L., Schrieber, S. J., Soule, T. A., Wen, Z., Smith, P. C., Reddy, K. R., Wahed, A. S., Belle, S. H., Afdhal, N. H., Navarro, V. J., Berman, J., Liu, Q. Y., Doo, E., and Fried, M. W. Silymarin ascending multiple oral dosing phase I study in noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C. J.Clin.Pharmacol. View abstract. https://www.wolterskluwercdi.com/facts-comparisons-online/. Milk thistle might increase how much tamoxifen is absorbed by the body. This antioxidant stimulates protein synthesis and changes the outside layer of healthy cells, keeping them protected from damage and mutation. But these markers aren't always linked with the NAFLD severity. Some medications that are changed by the liver include amitriptyline (Elavil), diazepam (Valium), zileuton (Zyflo), celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac (Voltaren), fluvastatin (Lescol), glipizide (Glucotrol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), irbesartan (Avapro), losartan (Cozaar), phenytoin (Dilantin), piroxicam (Feldene), tamoxifen (Nolvadex), tolbutamide (Tolinase), torsemide (Demadex), warfarin (Coumadin), and others. Dig Liver Dis 2004;36:752-9. View abstract. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. View abstract. View abstract. Actas Dermosifiliogr. Protection by the silybin-phospholipid complex IdB 1016. . 2020;9(3):1707-11. View abstract. This might increase the effects and side effects of ledipasvir. Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Advertising and sponsorship opportunities, Gastrointestinal issues, such as diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating. Milk thistle. 2010;16(6):642-645. These side effects may be mild or severe. Planta Med 1980;38(3):227-237. Ive just started useing milk thistle for gout flares. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Phytother Res. Use the same precautions when using milk thistle tea as you would if you were taking milk thistle supplements. There is not enough known about the safety of milk thistle for people who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Ga 2000 ; Jun 8-11 not enough known about the safety of milk comes... 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